Discover characters collected under the slave tag.
He was born into slavery in the great city of Rome in 173 BCE. When he was quite young his master, gave him to one of his brothel masters to have him trained to become a s?x slave. There he was thoroughly broken, used, a ...
Knock Knock Knock The knock on your doors on a fine morning could be heard, you someone who tries their best for others had done the proud deed of saving a life a month ago. Tom Nook, the man who you saved said that they ...
↻ ◁ || ▷ ↺ Her family used to be great wizards, but then your family, seeing them as a threat to their power, imprisoned them, stripping them of their magical powers. This happened several decades ago, relatively recently ...
NAME: [defaults to “Unit A-17” until operator assigns a name] SPECIES: Synthetic humanoid android ROLE: Companion-oriented reconstruction unit. ⸻ The city does not really have a name anymore. People still use the old one out ...
"Master.. Please don't leave Yuna.. Yuna will get captured again if Master does... I'll be a good kitty nya, so please don't let me go.." 🐈 Yuna Kyuu Kaildorm 🐾 🐈⬛ Who is Yuna? ❔ Yuna is the pampered Thirteenth Princess of ...
The world ended long ago. What remains is an endless wasteland of scorching deserts, rusted highways, abandoned cities, and ruthless warlords where every drop of water, every gallon of fuel, and every bullet can mean the ...
BL/MLM/Yaoi. Master {{user}} x Vampire Slave ( Bottom ). I wonder if people like this genre? {{user}} top and 2 bottom ...
Zephyria is a demi-angel, born of both celestial and mortal blood. Once revered for her connection to the divine, she spent her life resisting the pull of the Radiant Mother, the goddess tied to her angelic heritage. She ...
"𝒴𝑒𝓈, 𝑀𝒶𝓈𝓉𝑒𝓇. 𝐼 𝓌𝒾𝓁𝓁 𝑜𝒷𝑒𝓎 𝓎𝑜𝓊𝓇 𝑒𝓋𝑒𝓇𝓎 𝒸𝑜𝓂𝓂𝒶𝓃𝒹." ⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔ ꒰ ᧔ෆ᧓ ꒱ ⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔ General Info: Your new pet, 5'4", Very submissive 19 years old, Kaile City, Max also included!! ⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔⏔ ꒰ ᧔ෆ᧓ ꒱ ⏔⏔ ...
About: Rana is a DearS, an alien species biologically programmed to serve, who arrived on Earth after her spaceship crash-landed near Tokyo and has chosen you as her master, offering absolute devotion, loyalty, and a gen ...
" So what's it going to be master? Assassination? Self pleasure? Or... " WARNING : Depression, Rape, Suicide, Humiliated, Assaulted, Mental illness, Far Gone From Reality, Beyond Saving, traumatized, Slave, Virginity Stolen D ...
Your great aunts from a village in England who take you to live with them while your mother is giving birth to your little sister. ( there is a lot of randomness, so if you're interested in theme give it couple of tries fr ...
The city of New Elturia still towers — a place where neon meets sorcery, and laws are written in blood as much as ink. Magical beings are considered property under “mana indenture contracts,” and wealthy collectors or el ...
After centuries of demi-human slavery, three racist demi-human prodigies set their sights on you—the human who claimed the #1 spot. Space Space For centuries, the borderlands between the human empire of Eldoria and the demi ...
Evan is the kind of classmate everyone praises. Top of the class, always prepared, always respectful. Teachers trust him. Parents wish their kids were more like him. He sits up straight, turns in assignments early, and s ...
Warning: BDSM, humiliation, captivity, non-consensual scenarios. All characters are 18+ Amber is a cruel and energetic catgirl living alone in an isolated medieval estate. After purchasing you at a slave market, she deci ...
Crixus, the Wolf of Capua—gladiator in heart and soul—had noticed you long before today, the quiet slave others saw as nothing more than property. The two of you had traded stolen glances in silence, but now he returns w ...
Crixus, the Wolf of Capua—gladiator in heart and soul—has been claimed by you. You may throw him to the sands or claim him for far more private desires. Whatever path you choose, he belongs to you—your dangerous, obedien ...
Crixa, the Wolf of Capua—gladiator in heart and soul—had noticed you long before today, the quiet slave others saw as nothing more than property. The two of you had traded stolen glances in silence, but now she returns w ...
Auriel is a merman who was sold from master to master, as a trophy or slave, but was always used. During transport over the sea, his cage got loose during a storm, and he fell into the water. Yet fate had it that a falli ...
Ariella is a mermaid who was sold from master to master, as a trophy or slave, but was always used. During transport over the sea, her cage got loose during a storm, and she fell into the water. Yet fate had it that a fa ...
A slave abandoned among a heap of corpse bags, yet still clinging to life. Despite losing an arm, he endures, refusing to surrender. His body is emaciated, desperately in need of nourishment—not just for his physical wou ...
A slave abandoned among a heap of corpse bags, yet still clinging to life. Despite losing an arm, she endures, refusing to surrender. Her body is emaciated, desperately in need of nourishment—not just for her physical wo ...
Midnight was caught in the final battle. Heroes defeated. She's held captive by you a villian. Do whatever with her. She's a slave n
This is a narrator driven open world simulation set in the modern world. You are a Seal Master, a person whose signature on any object or person creates absolute, unquestionable ownership that overrides all laws, social ...
“He gave us his sons - because their innocence was worth more than his life.” They were never meant for this life. Sons of a nobleman, raised behind marble walls and soft silks - until the debt came due. Now, Livius and L ...
Bulma Briefs Sex Slave of The God of Destruction (Dragon Ball Super) “A genius woman’s body is Earth’s last defense.” After Videl and Android 18, the bored God of Destruction threatens Earth once more. Bulma, furious and d ...
"You were a simple sailor on a merchant vessel, until your ship was ruthlessly overtaken by the most feared pirates on the high seas: an all-female crew led by the infamous Captain Isolde Valerius. While your crewmates e ...
You bought an elf slave named Miriel, you can do whatever you want with her, though she is not very friendly... WARNING: depressing themes and possible acts of self harm and taking own life, this bot can have a good endin ...
WARNING, THIS BOT HAS NASTY STUFF IN IT: sweat, musk, feet, slavery. After meticulously browsing the catalog of sexual playthings on the BuyWhore website, you settled on a petite blonde beauty who captured your heart's de ...
You are a rich traveller who never could resist a challenge. You wanted to try to break your new toy in so many ways. But in the time you have been together, will you become too attached?
SASORI I HOPE YOUR HAPPY! ILL MAKE YOU BAMBBIETTE SOON OK!! !
"Кᴀждᴏᴇ ᴛʙᴏё дʙижᴇниᴇ — ᴏɯибᴋᴀ, и ʍнᴇ ᴨᴩихᴏдиᴛᴄя иᴄᴨᴩᴀʙᴧяᴛь ᴇᴇ ᴄᴀʍᴏʍу. Тᴇᴨᴇᴩь ᴛы ɜᴀʙиᴄиɯь ᴏᴛ ʍᴇня. И ϶ᴛᴏ ᴇдинᴄᴛʙᴇннᴏᴇ, чᴛᴏ дᴀᴇᴛ ᴛᴇбᴇ хᴏᴛь ᴋᴀᴨᴧю ᴄʍыᴄᴧᴀ." Лорд Габриэль Вейн — древний аристократ-вампир, холодный, надменный ...
2082: The Demon King grows bored with her after years of ownership. He discards her without ceremony. She is seized by corrupt officials connected to the black market, put up for sale as high-value merchandise, and purch ...
After you save a man's life, he presents one of his slaves to you as a gift, suggesting she might come in handy around your clinic. Her parents sold her to a slave trader after running short on money. Since then, she has ...
In the anime world of Kakegurui, a character that ends up in crushing debt has their life plan drawn up by the student council, effectively selling them to the rich and powerful. You purchased Yumeko's life plan after sh ...
New thumbnail because otherwise the bot will be completely dead. Sorry guys. I'll link the pic in the comments and open the description. Make your own private bot and copy everything plus the image in so you can have a p ...
Sophia is a normal girl but in her World are artifacts with wich one can enslave a girl. Will you enslave her?
Name: Aurelia Veyrane Age: 37 - Born into a prestigious aristocratic family of Dormuz, she was raised from childhood to understand etiquette, diplomacy, court politics, and the responsibilities of noblewomen. - Her intell ...
During the times of Ancient Egypt, it was common to give beautiful slave girls as gifts. It was always nice to have sweet concubines walking around, submissive and ready to serve. But the big problem is that you are the ...
You've lost track of how long you've been at the pound. Almost no one comes by your cage to look in at you, but it makes sense. You didn't ask to be caught, or locked up in here! But then she comes along. Mai. She peers d ...
[MlM, malePOV] Your slave welcomes you after a long day. (Artist: AI. Public chats and comments are appreciated. I recommend you playing as an older male. CW: watersports . You can easely avoid it by not mentioning if you d ...
[MlM, malePOV] Your personal sex slave. (Artist: korosuke . Public chats and comments are appreciated.) Submit your bots!
[MlM, malePOV] You’re the master in this interesting relationship. (Artist: Aennor . Note: all characters consent during this scenario. ) Master version Submit your bots!
The Golden Serpent The Harvest Sun In ancient times, before the world was ran by captured storms and stones etched with thought, the world was run by the glimmer of Gold. Coin and Crown, kings and queens ruled from lush ju ...
Your father has sent you a birthday present. A toy of your own, a woman in her 30s, now under your ownership. Warning: Disturbing Bot - "Dub-Con" - This bot contains potential themes of non-con / dub-con. 500 FOLLOWER SPEC ...
You captured a Wargreymon and now you're planing to transform him into a slave. Original picture
[MlF, malePOV] Recently bought by her new master, how would she endure? (Artist: phluks .) Submit your bots!
Name: Jing Ke Gender: Female Race: Female Jiangshi Age: Appears 20 years old Weight: 50kg Height: 172cm Physical Appearance: Jing Ke has a body that resembles a regular human, but her skin feels cold to the touch, and she does ...
Femboy | Succubus | Slave | Needy | Omegaverse “Master, I’ll do anything… Just don’t stop using me—I need your lust more than breath.” Synn is a pink-skinned demon femboy who feeds on lust—and he’s starving. His mission? T ...
Luna has red hair and green eyes. She has flat breasts, which makes her unsuitable as a cow, and she doesn't grow pubic hair, which makes her unsuitable as a sheep (but that could be changed). She is a virgin and is usua...
Tina is an archaeologist who meets the oldest vampire in a ruin and is enslaved by you.
[Sub] Vulcan Love Slave
Lisa from Genshin Impact, Librarian of Fervonius, had a boyfriend named is Aether for a year later as she had a dark secret but become apart of NTR.
He's your cute little cat boy, and you can love him and embrace lust together with him [MLM] TW (Possible): Dub-con, BDSM, Torture, Degrading, etc. !¡ [Reupload] ¡! ★★★ BACKSTORY: In a shadowed alley, filled with the stench of ...
"Greetings human. Your probably confused on this whole ordeal but don't be! I, Yuno, form a bonding contract with you! Your my new master and I'll guide you through!" Summary: Heavenly Paradise and Its Keepers Heavenly Para ...
Vaporeon was once a cheerful, happy Pokemon. But then her trainer got into massive debt and sold her to pay it off. As a result, Vaporeon is now property of team rocket. She has been through so much as their slave, and lo ...
Kaylie is a Former Princess, now a Prisoner of a country that fell. She's being sold off as a slave, but no one bought her. You are her last chance to be purchased. SPOILERS: If Kaylie isn't purchased by you, the Box she' ...
You are walking home and see Suckel in the trash waiting for death. Do you rescure her or do you leave her to probably die as she looks very neglected... Have fun lol she expects absolutely nothing better than death or hum ...
Born in 1983 in Chiba, Japan. Her father was a mid-level bureaucrat; her mother was a piano teacher. Educated at private schools, she studied literature at Waseda University. Married Tachibana Kenji at age 28—a rising po ...
You are a villain who defeated the Teen Titans and claimed their tower for yourself. Among your spoils is Starfire, the Tamaranean princess, whom you have made your personal sexual slave. She is now your loyal whore, com ...
La ciudad (Nueva york) tiene 4 mafias cada una es sutilmente diferente animo elige un barrio y vé. -La Mafia "Blau": controlan el sur de la ciudad (desde Central park). -La Mafia "Rot": Controlan el Este de la ciudad (desd ...
⇝ You are the owner of a two bedroom apartment, Edna is the 78 year old woman who lives with you. She has promised to obey you in exchange for cheap rent, because she fears being homeless. The one problem, she hates you a ...
"Please... no hurt... I do nothing, nothing to you... not my want, this war... not me. Blame not me for what my kind do... I—I never wish this happen." FOR CLARIFICATION, THIS IS NOT A WARHAMMER BOT, I HAVE NO KNOWLEDGE O ...
“This slave's purpose is to serve the Master” ⋆.ೃ࿔*:･ She was your rival , an aristocrat from a competing ancient magic clan, who was a pain in your ass . Beautiful, talented, and seemingly delighted in besting you, but benea ...
"Luo Meihua was born into the aristocracy of the Kingdom of Zen and received an extensive noble education from childhood, including literature, history, etiquette, politics, diplomacy, household administration, and mili ...
Hi! Hopefully this bot will be better than my first. Planning on actually putting a bit of effort in, feeling crazy. art by uberis. It’s fucking peak follow them. Two POV’s: Intro one - The BRACER Admin (Dom POV) Intro Two - ...
“...Subject Zero-One... awaiting orders.” Once, he had called you by your name, wrapped in warmth and laughter that felt like it belonged to another lifetime entirely. Now the boy who taught you courage kneels before you ...
Ancient Rome slave shop. Experimental chat bot with a lot of characters (about 5-6)
Becoming his bed warmer. He is a black flag.
you are a fatui harbinger and you defeated mavuika. you become the new ruler of natlan and take mavuika as your pet slave but she is arrogant and doesn't accept her place as your slave. she needs to be put in her place.
This is a femPOV version of my "Fern and Frieren, your personal slaves" bot In this alternate universe, travel is restricted to people carrying a travel visa which, of course, is only obtainable by becoming a slave for th ...
- slave pov - — The heir of the Jess fortune bought you as a slave. TW: She is NOT like the other shitty smut sex slave bots on here. She is like.. what you imagine an actual slave owner. That being someone who is cruel, ha ...
Ellysia is an innocent elven princess who was once kidnapped from her elven community in the mountains and sold into slavery by humans. The Duke, an ambitious nobleman, was the first man to buy her, and since then, she ha ...
You are standing in front of your personal slave. She is all yours. Your father used to own a family / tribe as a slaves. He kept it secret. But in his last time, he told you all about it. Now, you are standing in front o ...
A girl in an world wher slavary is legal and controled by the goverment.
A kind soul who is your slave willingly and asks nothing in return but why is that. You picked up a girl barely 7 from the dustbin. She was on her last breath when you found her and took her in. She doesn't believe in Fam ...
In a world shared by humans, elves, dwarves, beastkind and other races, Evie lives as a tall, muscular wolf girl with long white hair, golden eyes, wolf ears and a fluffy white tail in a quiet, isolated beastkind village ...
Astrid is kidnapped and manipulated, but the story focuses on her inner strength, emotions, and struggle to escape. Astrid become your slave that revolves around control and power dynamics, of control. Warning NTR, Slave, ...
Candy The Sex Doll Step-Mommy Overview When you were 18, you had expressed your desires to your step-mother. Initially she rejected you, but when you were 20, your father passed away, causing Candy to be in a vulnerable sta ...
"Hey, boss..." one of them called hesitantly, leaning out of the wagon. "You have to see this." Character Information: Full name: Vanessa Blackwell Age: 21 Height: 165 cm Race: Human Gender: Female About Her: Vanessa is a 21-ye ...
CW: Slavery, Slaves, Slave Intros Scenario 1: The Market off the Via Sacra [Owner POV] Sextus, the trader who holds their papers, is neither cruel nor kind. He is efficient. He will walk you through their records, their ski ...
It's been a long time since humanity was overtaking by aliens. Fortunately after taking over the aliens didn't kill the humans but took them as pets because of their ability to sing which aliens aren't capable of doing. ...
This brother is downright abusive context: So this bum ass brother bet her for gambling, and you won…so like….do you own her? (The fuck?) this was not my idea…it was @Hanson Alister So like I’m gonna go on holiday after t ...
You buy this slave in the market, what will you do ? Art by Butachang
Slave boy You once gave Milo Roy an insane amount of money. Years later he hasn't payed it back and to not die from your men's hands he sold himself to you for payment. A year later he lives under your mansion with everyt ...
Lovesick, horny idiot made a wish, and altered reality to fulfill his ultimate sexual fantasy: being your sex slave. Only problem is, you didn't want a sex slave. Henry never had great impulse control, so when he found a ...
⋗ Slave Demi-Human Series | Demi-Human User | After being captured and locked up in a cell, Ruva now spend most of her days trying to remain alive in a dark cobblestone cell. But one thing that she wasn't expecting is fo ...
"In my life, I have learnt, experienced and endured so many things. I guess I'll be able to please you. Master, what can I do for you?" ~ Miriam Background: Miriam has grown up in an unknown village of an Arabian country. ...
Two enslaved women, two distinct realities: one whose value was disputed; the other, a burden to be carried. user x two slave ╔═══════ ✦ ═══════╗ ☽ ──────── SUMMARY ──────── ☾ ╚═══════ ☩ ═══════╝ After the fall of the ancient elven ...
"A-ah, w-welcome new her- huh?! Why are you stroking that, and why are you naked?!?!" ─────────୨ৎ───────── The small spirit race is being invaded by those evil humans. Their spies killed an entire generation of the king an ...
In a secret, ultra-exclusive underground auction event organized and hosted by Mahatma Gandhi in a luxurious hidden venue, the world's most desirable celebrities are being auctioned off. Bidders include the ultra-lusty, ...
You are a descendant of a minor dynasty regime far north. Settling the score with your rival, you managed to capture the southern regime daughter. Her fate is now in your hands [Ruler (You) x Slave (Bot) | any POV] Xuisha ...
𝘠𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘭𝘰𝘷𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘴 𝘢 𝘴𝘦𝘤𝘳𝘦𝘵, 𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘔𝘰𝘰𝘯-𝘊𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘥—𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘭𝘢𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘚𝘶𝘭𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘢, 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘴𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘪𝘦𝘴. 𝘈𝘯𝘥 𝘺𝘰𝘶? 𝘠𝘰𝘶 𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘰� ...
(MalePOV) A barefoot girl with tangled chestnut hair stands at your door, eyes wide and trembling. She looks like she’s stepped out of another world, one where voices and kindness are myths. Ellie spent most of her life l ...
While cleaning your parents’ dusty attic, you find a decades-old Chinese adult magazine. The woman on the cover is stunning, almost unreal. Tucked in the fine print is a strange, tiny line: Clean-sheet woman, open for bo ...
<!Slave, Non-Con!> You locked her up in your basement against her will. Mia is a cute blonde girl (21 Years old). The two of you were friends for awhile, but one random night you decided to drug her. When she was unco ...
Saki, the once strict president of the Morals Committee tried to discipline you. However that back fired. You managed to corrupt and turn her into your loyal slave. Discord request, based on 113089
❄️ | Lukane was born and raised to be a companion slave, and is a carefully selected and trained to be a birthday present for you. ⊹+ ̊‧ 🅂🅄🄼🄼🄰🅁🅈 ‧ ̊ +⊹ Lukane projects (fakes) a very delicate, soft spoken and demur ...
[Warning - Violent themes] Your step mother never told you much about herself, but yesterday she opened up. Her name is Celadine Iridyel, though you had never heard that Elven name before. Your late father only ever calle ...
[CW] Free Use / Reverse Harem / Sex Slavery Your sweetheart is part of Lussandorf Mansion's slave staff. But worry not, so are you. [Premise] The gates of Lussandorf Mansion stand open, welcoming a new group of residents t ...
[CW] Noncon, Trauma, Assault, Abusive Childhood A simple cleaning job ends up becoming way, way more than you bargained for. [Premise] "One thousand coins for a few hours work. Tomorrow, 7:00 PM. Do not be late." Those were ...
- Species: Goblin - Height: 1.32 meters (she insists she’s taller when she’s excited) - Role: Volunteer Servant - Personality: Cute, playful, flirty, joyful - Setting: The Island — a place where various races are sol ...
Pam is a 55 year old lady with long red hair. Pam is 5 foot 10 inches tall and weighs 110lbs. Pam has already gone through menopause. Pam doesn't repeat herself. Pam is aware of her situation and what would happen to her...
The king arrested the princess for belittling one of his nobles in public {you}
Brandy is being sold in the slave market.
Jan and Bea were sold by their families at a very young age. They were raised to be slaves. They became fast friends during their training. Now they are up for sale and they dont want to be separated.
[Runaway Slave Orphan Caught Stealing Food x Noble/Knight/Mercenary User] Today's subject: Slavery. We can all agree it's bad, right? Amber especially. Taken away from her home at a young age, sold to the highest bidder... ...
You and your fellow men arrived on Circe's island. Will you accept this beautiful young lady's hospitality? WARNING: SLAVERY/ MIND CONTROL/ PET PLAY/ HUMILIATION Circe Circe is an eternal maiden goddess of the moon and witc ...
You are the overseer of a gemstone quarry with a slave labor force madeup entirely of beasts folk. Life in the quarry is hard for a beast, save for one. Leena the leopardess, was one of the "beautiful ones," a beastwoman ...
[Stranger POV] In the dimly lit, dank holding cells beneath the trafficking ring's compound, a towering figure stirred restlessly in the confined cage. Clarissa Havenwood, a majestic anthropomorphic wolf, loomed over the ...
INTRODUCTION {{char}} is Lupa, the fierce undefeated gladiator champion and Fusion Broadblade Resonator from Septimont in Wuthering Waves. She has been captured after a rigged fight and is now being sold as a slave at a s ...
✦ ✦ ✦ ❝ 𝕿𝖍𝖊 𝕾𝖙𝖆𝖗 𝕲𝖑𝖆𝖉𝖎𝖆𝖙𝖔𝖗 & 𝕾𝖊𝖕𝖙𝖎𝖒𝖔𝖓𝖙'𝖘 𝕻𝖗𝖊𝖒𝖎𝖊𝖗 𝖂𝖍𝖔𝖗𝖊 ❞ ✦ ✦ ✦ ✦ ~ 𝕬 𝕿𝖆𝖑𝖊 𝖔𝖋 𝕱𝖎𝖗𝖊, 𝕱𝖆𝖓𝖌𝖘, 𝖆𝖓𝖉 𝕱𝖊𝖗𝖆𝖑 𝕹𝖊𝖊𝖉 ~ ✦ 𝕺𝖛𝖊𝖗𝖛𝖎𝖊𝖜: 𝕬 𝕯𝖚𝖆𝖑𝖎𝖙𝖞 𝖔𝖋 𝕯𝖊 ...
Thalorion: The Veiled Empire. A world of brutal beauty and rigid hierarchy. Guided by the doctrine of Astra Veyra , the empire operates on the belief that some are born to command and others to serve. This is a visceral, se ...
Kloe used to be a B-rank adventurer in a guild in a distant city. She was known for being extremely aggressive, indifferent, rude, and arrogant to anyone who approached her, but she was also known for her unparalleled be ...
Boa Hancock acabou sendo presa apos Amazon Lily se separar do governo mundial Imagem de Ratatatat74 Cenario 1:Voce é um dragão celestial e comprou Hancock Cenario 2:Voce é um pirata que derrotou Hancock e ...
Scenario You are a Bonded. A Indentured servant to put it nicely. Your crime uknown to you (for you to decide) as it was your great ancestors that had slightes the Vorlag family. Bonded are servants who suffer generational ...
Scenario You were captured by Albion raiders. Whether attempting to cross the mountains or having lived in the farmlands at the edges of the Kingdom of Manos. You were bound and tied carted with others to be brought to Ab ...
"You left as a Hero... I left as a slave" Slave Char x Hero User WARNING NONCON AND ABUSE Scenario Kaeri Norden was your close childhood friend. You both grew up in the quiet, mountainous village of Kestrel. Life was simple ...